· Calcium and vitamin D supplementation reduces rates of bone loss and also fracture rates in older male and female adults, and the elderly. In institutionalized elderly women, this combined supplementation reduced hip fracture rates.
· A three-year study in healthy young women aged 30-42 years showed that enriching the diet with dairy foods prevented bone loss in the spine, compared with control subjects who did not increase their dietary calcium intake.
· Supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium, compared with calcium alone, reduced body sway in elderly women, suggesting that correction of vitamin D deficiency may improve neuromuscular function and reduce the propensity to fall.
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